The Appsrv.ini file contains user settings that define application servers and other preferences. Since the 4.20.715 build of the Win32 Client, this file contains information only regarding Custom ICA Connections. For all other versions and builds of the client (for any platform), the Appsrv.ini file contains information regarding all entries in Remote Application Manager.
Sample APPSRV.INI
;**************************************
;**
;** APPSRV.INI - Application Server Configuration File.
;**
;** This file contains user settings which define application
;** servers and other preferences.
;**
;**************************************
[WFClient]
Version=2
LogFile=D:\Program Files\Citrix\ICA Client\wfclient.log
LogFileWin16=wfcwin.log
LogFileWin32=D:\WTSRV\Profiles\Administrator\Appli cation Data\ICAClient\wfcwin32.log
ICA records log information to the log file whenever any of the Log parameters described below are checked. The 32-bit Windows client records information in the Wfcwin32.log. The Wfcwin.log is used by the 16-bit Windows client and the 16-bit DOS client uses the Wfclient.log. The log file can be any name. Log data can alternately be sent to standard out or standard error by specifying stdout or stderr instead of a file name.
LogAppend=Off
The event log can be overwritten by new events or new events can be added to the end of the existing file. Specify On to save old events and add new events to the end of the file. Specify Off to overwrite old events.
LogConnect=Off
Logs an event when the ICA Client connects to or disconnects from the Citrix server. Values are On or Off. It will log an event whenever the Citrix ICA Client connects and disconnects from a Citrix server. This category is selected by default.
LogErrors=Off
Logs ICA Client errors. Values are On or Off. It logs an event whenever an error is encountered by the Citrix ICA Client. This category is selected by default.
LogTransmit=Off
Logs data sent from the ICA Client to the Citrix server. Values are On or Off. It will log an event for each packet of information sent by the Citrix ICA Client to the Citrix server. This is primarily intended for technical support purposes.
LogReceive=Off
Logs data sent from the Citrix server to the ICA Client. Values are On or Off. It will log an event for each packet of information received by the Citrix ICA Client from the Citrix server. This is primarily intended for technical support purposes.
LogKeyboard=Off
Logs keyboard data. Values are On or Off. It will log an event whenever you press a key on the keyboard or move the mouse. This is primarily intended for technical support purposes.
NOTE: All parameters except Logfile are off by default
Hotkey1Char=F1
Hotkey1Shift=Shift
Hotkey2Char=F3
Hotkey2Shift=Shift
Hotkey3Char=F2
Hotkey3Shift=Shift
Hotkey4Char=F1
Hotkey4Shift=Ctrl
Hotkey5Char=F2
Hotkey5Shift=Ctrl
Hotkey6Char=F2
Hotkey6Shift=Alt
Hotkey7Char=plus
Hotkey7Shift=Alt
Hotkey8Char=minus
Hotkey8Shift=Alt
Hotkey9Char=F3
HotKey9Shift=Ctrl
?
The fields on the Hotkeys tab are: - The Task List hotkey displays the Windows Task List for the local Windows desktop on the client computer. The default value for the Task List hotkey is SHIFT+F1. You can also use CTRL+ESC to display the Windows Task List on the client computer if you are not using SHIFT+F1 as an ICA Win16 Client hotkey.
The Close Remote Application hotkey disconnects from the Citrix server and exits the ICA Win16 Client. Using this hotkey will either leave the associated application in a disconnected state on the Citrix server or exit the application on the Citrix server depending on how the application is configured. The default value for the Close Remote Application hotkey is SHIFT+F3.
The Toggle Title Bar hotkey causes the Citrix ICA Client window to display or hide its Windows title bar. The default value for the Toggle Title Bar hotkey is SHIFT+F2.
The CTRL-ALT-DEL hotkey sends the standard Windows hotkey CTRL+ALT+DEL to the Citrix server running the remote application. This hotkey displays the Windows NT Security desktop in the ICA session. The default value for the CTRL-ALT-DEL hotkey is CTRL+F1.
The CTRL-ESC hotkey sends the standard Windows hotkey CTRL+ESC to the Citrix server running the remote application. When using this hotkey during an ICA session on a WinFrame server, the remote Task List appears. If the ICA session is running on a MetaFrame server, the remote Windows NT Start menu appears. The default value for the CTRL-ESC hotkey is CTRL+F2.
The ALT-ESC hotkey sends the standard Windows hotkey ALT+ESC to the Citrix server running the remote application. This hotkey is used to cycle the focus through maximized and minimized windows of programs that have been opened in an ICA session. The default value for the ALT-ESC hotkey is ALT+F2.
The ALT-TAB hotkey sends the standard Windows hotkey ALT+TAB to the Citrix server running the remote application. Use this hotkey to cycle through applications that have been opened in the ICA session. A popup box appears and displays the programs as you cycle through them. The selected application receives keyboard and mouse focus. The default value for the ALT-TAB hotkey is ALT+PLUS.
The ALT-BACKTAB hotkey sends the standard Windows hotkey ALT+SHIFT+TAB to the Citrix server running the remote application. Like the ALT+TAB hotkey, this key sequence cycles through applications that have been opened in the ICA session but in the opposite direction. The chosen application receives keyboard and mouse focus. The default value for the ALT-BACKTAB hotkey is ALT+MINUS.
The CTRL-SHIFT-ESC hotkey sends the standard Windows hotkey CTRL+SHIFT+ESC to the MetaFrame server running the remote application. (This hotkey is not used by ICA sessions on WinFrame servers.) This hotkey displays the Windows NT Task Manager in the ICA session. The default value for the CTRL-SHIFT-ESC hotkey is CTRL+F3.
The CTRL-F5 hotkey Toggles the zero latency mode between On and Off. Use this hotkey to either enable or disable the zero latency mode.
DisableSound=Off - Enable Sound. Check this box to enable sound support. The client computer must have a Sound Blaster 16-compatible sound card installed. Published applications can then play sounds on the client.
Select one of the following values for Quality:
High. This setting is recommended only for connections where bandwidth is plentiful and sound quality is important. This setting allows clients to play a sound file at its native data rate. Sounds at the highest quality level require about 1.3Mbps of bandwidth to play clearly. Transmitting this amount of data can result in increased CPU utilization and network congestion.
Medium. This setting is recommended for most LAN-based connections. This setting causes any sounds sent to the client to be compressed to a maximum of 64Kbps. This compression results in a moderate decrease in the quality of the sound played on the client computer. The host CPU utilization will decrease compared with the uncompressed version due to the reduction in the amount of data being sent across the wire.
Low. This setting is recommended for low-bandwidth connections, including most modem connections. This setting causes any sounds sent to the client to be compressed to a maximum of 16Kbps. This compression results in a significant decrease in the quality of the sound. The CPU requirements and benefits of this setting are similar to those of the Moderate setting; however, the lower data rate allows reasonable performance for a low-bandwidth connection.
DisableCtrlAltDel=On - Disables use of CtrlAltDel within the session to prevent a user from shutting down a server.
MouseTimer=0
KeyboardTimer=0- Queues mouse movements and keystrokes. Queuing causes the client to send mouse and keyboard updates less frequently to the Citrix server. Check this option in the user interface to reduce the number of network packets sent from the ICA Client to the Citrix server. Leaving this option unchecked makes the session more responsive to keyboard and mouse movements. Checking this option improves performance if you dial in to RAS and then use a network to connect. The value is in milliseconds.
ColorMismatchPrompt_Have16_Want256=On
ColorMismatchPrompt_Have64K_Want256=On
ColorMismatchPrompt_Have16M_Want256=On
The message displayed above is triggered when the client color depth does not match the connection configuration. The ColorMismatch messages are relevant only to the older Remote Application Manager clients. Program Neighborhood User Interface is not concerned with these settings. In the early days of Windows video drivers, you would often have a problem where if you were using higher than 256 color, your 256 color-only palette would not match exactly. However 99.9% of todays video drivers do not have this problem and match the colors very closely.
DosConnectTTY=On
ConnectTTY=Off
ConnectTTYDelay=1000
These settings allow you to use TTY emulation (displays terminal window) to get through a dial-up network device that may include third-party products, such as security devices and X.25 PADs, that require an ASCII authentication dialog before connecting to the Citrix server.
BrowserRetry=3
BrowserRetry indicates the number of times the client will resubmit a master browser request that has timed out.
BrowserTimeout=1000
BrowserTimeout refers to the number of milliseconds the client waits for a response after making a request to the master browser.
LanaNumber=0
This is the Lana of the network card protocol. Typically this is used only for NetBIOS. You can have NetBIOS over NetBEUI, IPX, or TCP. Changing this Lana number switches it from one to the other. By default it is 0 for NetBEUI.
ScriptDriver=SCRIPT.DDL
ScriptDriverWin16=SCRIPTW.DLL
ScriptDriverWin32=SCRIPTN.DLL
ScriptFile=
This is the ICA script proccessor. This is usually used for dial in connections going through PBXs, etc. You can specify the path to a script file that will process a series of commands for specialized authentication.
PersistentCacheEnabled=Off
This setting is Off if the box for Use disk cache for bitmaps is unchecked and the setting is on when the box is checked. Check this option to store commonly-used graphical objects such as bitmaps in a local cache on the clients hard disk. If your connection is bandwidth-limited, enabling caching increases performance. If your client is on a high-speed LAN, you may prefer to disable caching and save disk space. Dial-in connections have disk caching enabled by default.
PersistentCacheSize=64424508
This specifies the amount of disk space to use for bitmap caching. This value is in bytes.
PersistentCacheMinBitmap=8192
The minimum size bitmap that will be cached. Specifies the smallest bitmap that will be cached to disk. This value is in bytes.
PersistentCachePath=D:\WTSRV\Profiles\Administrato r\Application Data\ICAClient\Cache
Specifies the location of the directory containing the cached image data. If the specified directory does not exist, it is created.
UpdatesAllowed=On
Allows client auto updates to occur. Check the box in the user interface to allow the Citrix server to update your Citrix ICA Client software when newer versions become available. When the Citrix server detects an outdated client version, it notifies you that a newer version is available and replaces the ICA Client files.
COMAllowed=On
Allows COM port mapping on the client
CPMAllowed=On
Allows client printer mapping on the client.
VSLAllowed=On
Support for the Microsoft and Novell TCP stacks is provided by the VSL component. This setting automatically loads the appropriate VSL component prior to loading the main client code.
CDMAllowed=On
Allows client drive mapping on the client.
MaximumCompression=Off
This setting is set to On if the box for Use data compression is checked in the Options tab for the properties of the Custom ICA Connection. Data compression reduces the amount of data that needs to be transferred but requires additional processor resources to compress and decompress the data. If your connection is bandwidth-limited, enabling data compression increases performance.
DesiredColor=2
Window Colors specifies the number of colors displayed. Desired Color is 1 for 16 color, 2 for 256 color, 4 for High Color (16 bits) and 8 for True Color (24 bits)
DesiredHRES=640
DesiredVRES=480
These settings determine the window size. Window Size specifies the window size in which a published application runs.
PNCacheVersion=1
Version of the PN Cache.
KeyboardLayout=(User Profile)
Allows you to specify the keyboard layout of your client computer. The Citrix server uses the keyboard layout information to configure your user session for your keyboard layout. The default value (of User Profile) uses the keyboard layout specified in your user profile.
KeyboardType=(DEFAULT)
Allows you to specify the keyboard type of your client computer. The Citrix server uses the keyboard type information to configure your user session for your keyboard type. Use the default value of Default for most English and European keyboards. When used with a Japanese keyboard, Default auto-detects the keyboard type.
RuntimePrompt=On
This displays Connect To screen before making dial-in connections.
AutoReconnect=Off
Allows the client to auto reconnect if the connection is dropped. Usually used for dial-in connections.
PersistentCachePercent=0
Percentage of hard disk to use for persistent cache bitmaps.
ApplicationSetManagerIconOff=Off
Change this setting to On to remove the Application Set Manager icon from the client.
CustomConnectionsIconOff=Off
Change this setting to On to remove the Custom ICA Connections icon from the client.
FindNewApplicationSetIconOff=Off
Change this setting to On to remove the Find New Application Set icon from the client.
AddICAIconOff=Off
Change this setting to On to remove the Add ICA Connection icon from the client.
DragoutOff=Off
Change this setting to On to prevent the user from dragging the icon onto the desktop.
PNUIShowTB=1
Remembers the on/off state of the Program Neighborhood toolbar.
PNUIShowTBText=1
Remembers the on/off state of Program Neighborhood toolbar text-on buttons.
PNUIShowSB=1
Remembers the on/off state of the Program Neighborhood status bar.
PNUIViewType=40028
Remembers state of Program Neighborhoods Listview (Large Icon, Small Icon, List, and Details).
PNUINoAutoSearch=On
If this is Off, it will auto search the network for any Application Sets and automatically add them to the Listview. This only runs the first time you run Program Neighborhood, then it gets set to "On" and never runs again.
PNUIHPos=96
PNUIVPos=71
PNUIWidth=576
PNUIHeight=429
Remembers Program Neighborhood window size and position.
PNDefault=INDIA Farm
Parameter that sets default application set.
UseAlternateAddress=0
Defines whether the Alternate Address should be used for ICA connectivity across a firewall or a router. This parameter is of great use in performing Network Address Translation (NAT).
DefaultSoundType=0
This is for future use.
ClientAudio=Off
This is the default Client Audio Setting.
EncryptionLevel=0
Selects the level of encryption for the ICA connection. The default level is 0 (Basic).
DesiredWinType=0
Remembers the default desired window type for Custom Connections:
1=640x480
2=800x600
3=1024x768
4=1280x1024
5=Custom
6=Percent
7=Full Screen
8=Seamless
NOTE: 0=None. The connection inherits the default setting from the client.
TWIMode=Off
Remembers if seamless is on or off for Custom connections.
TcpBrowserAddress=128.1.1.181
This parameter is used for server location. Server location provides a method for a user at a network-connected Citrix ICA Client to view a list of all Citrix servers on the network that are configured for that network type (IPX/SPX, TCP/IP, or NetBIOS) and a list of all published applications. Server location is a three-step process:
1. If a Citrix server is specified in the Address List box for the network protocol, go to Step 2. If (Auto-Locate) is specified
in the Address List box for the network type, the ICA Client broadcasts a Get Nearest Citrix server packet. The
address of the first Citrix server to respond is then used in the next step.
2. The ICA Client sends a request for the address of the master browser to the specified Citrix server address.
3. The specified Citrix server returns the address of the master browser.
4. The ICA Client sends a request for the server and published application lists to the master browser.
5. The master browser responds with a list of all Citrix servers on the network that have connections configured for that
network type (IPX, TCP/IP, or NetBIOS) and a list of all published applications.
Some network configurations using routers or gateways may require you to specify the address of a Citrix server due to broadcast packet filtering in the router or gateway. You can designate a particular Citrix server to eliminate broadcasts on your network.
ScreenPercent=0
Select this option to configure the view of your published application as a percentage of the total screen size.
SwapButtons=Yes
Specifies whether or not to switch the function of the client device's left and right mouse buttons. Specify Yes to switch button function.
ConcentrReconEncryptLevel:
While reconnecting to a disconnected session from the connection center. Use this key to specify at what encryption level reconnection is desired. It can take the values EncRC5-128 ( an existing macro INI_ENCRC5_128 in icaini.h, signifies 128 bit encryption) EncRC5-56 ( existing macro INI_ENCRC5_56) EncRC5-40 (existing macro INI_ENCRC5_40) EncRC5-0 (existing macro INI_ENCRC5_0, signifies 128 bit encryption at logon) Basic (Default value )
SOCKS parameters configure the ICA Client to work with SOCKS proxy servers. For information about SOCKS proxy servers, see the Citrix ICA Client Administrator's Guide for your ICA Client.
ICASOCKSProtocolVersion=
Indicates which version of the SOCKS protocol to use for the connection. Possible values include:
-1: None. Do not use SOCKS for this connection.
0: Autodetect. Client determines which version the proxy is using.
4: Use SOCKS version 4.
5: Use SOCKS version 5.
ICASOCKSProxyHost=
Specifies the DNS name or IP address of the SOCKS proxy to use for this connection.
ICASOCKSProxyPortNumber=
Port number of the SOCKS proxy server (usually 1080).
NOTE: The sequence of entries (in blue) in the appsrv.ini has been left intact in the section above.
[Smartcard]
;=============================================
;== When SmartcardRequired=yes, connecting to a remote application will
; require a smartcard provided that no other remote applications are currently executing.
; N.B. When enabled with the 32-bit DOS client this also prevents the use of insecure
; command line options including /iniappsrv.
;== Omitted entry defaults to Off.
;=============================================
SmartcardRequired=no
;=============================================
;== Setting a bypass switch to yes tells the system to get its User information from the
; commandline or appsrv.ini file instead of the smartcard.
;== Omitted entries default to No.
;=============================================
BypassSmartcardDomain=no
BypassSmartcardUsername=no
BypassSmartcardPassword=no
;=============================================
;== Supported Smartcards
;== MPCOS - cards by Gemplus
;== TB-1000 - cards by Microcard
;-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
;== Supported values for CardReader key
;== GCR410 - Gemplus GCR410 Smartcard reader
;=============================================
CardReader=GCR410
ReaderPort=COM2
Timeout=1000 ; given in milli-seconds
[Common Default Information]
ProgramGroup=Citrix ICA Client
The Program Group that contains the Program Neighborhood icon.
[ApplicationServers]
Notepad=
ServerX=
List of servers and published applications for which Custom ICA Connection entries are configured.
[Notepad]
TransportDriver=TCP/IP
Transportation Protocol to be used to make this connection (in this instance, TCP/IP).
Description=Notepad
Description for the connection.
Address=Notepad
Address of the published application.
InitialProgram=#Notepad
This is the inital program to start. If this is a server connection, it is set to a full path name such as "C:\WINNT\SYSTEM32\NOTEPAD.EXE." Once you connect to the server, it will automatically launch that application from that path name (and only that application.) You will not get a desktop.
If it is a published application, it will be marked with a pound (#) sign and have the name of the published application. When a load balanced published application connects to a server that is part of the farm (for that application), the server first checks for the pound sign to verify that it is a published application. Then it looks at the name following the pound sign to determine the path for that application. The application is then launched. This allows each load balanced server to have the application installed in a different location and still work. For example, Server A may have Notepad.exe installed on drive C and Server B may have it insalled on drive D, but it will still launch regardless of the server to which you connect.
IconPath=D:\Program Files\Citrix\ICA Client\pn.exe
This is the EXE or DLL file from which the icon for the application gets extracted. This is what appears in the user interface when you change the icon from the default to something else. By default, it uses an icon out of the PN.EXE.
IconIndex=1
This goes along with the "IconPath" parameter above. Each Exe or Dll can have X number of icons embedded in them. This is the index number of the icon you want to use. By default, the ICA logo icon for connections you create is the second icon of the PN.EXE file.
NOTE: The numbering system starts at zero, so 0 is the first icon, 1 the second icon, and so on. You can change the IconPath and IconIndex from the Change Icon button in the Application panel in the Properties for any ICA connection.
ConnectType=1
Connect Type of 1 = LAN, Connect Type of 2 = WAN, and Connect Type of 3 =.
MaximumCompression=Off
Data compression reduces the amount of data that needs to be transferred but requires additional processor resources to compress and decompress the data. If your connection is bandwidth-limited, enabling data compression increases performance.
Compress=On
This setting is set to On if the box for Use data compression is checked in the Options tab for the properties of the Custom ICA Connection. Implies that data compression is turned on for this connection.
PersistentCacheEnabled=Off
Implies that use of disk cache for bitmaps is disabled. Bitmap caching is enabled or disabled for a particular ICA connection depending on the setting here. If bitmap caching is enabled, the remaining parameters for it are picked up from the [WFClient] section.
MouseTimer=0
KeyboardTimer=0
Will not queue mouse and keyboard movements.
AudioBandwidthLimit=1
This sets the audio bandwidth limit or audio quality for the connection. 0 is high, 1 is medium, and 2 is low. Anything else is invalid, though sometimes (but not always) it is set to "-1" if audio is off.
UseDefaultSound=On
DefaultSoundType=1
Use of custom default (the default set in properties of Custom ICA Connections) sound is selected. The custom default is set to 1, Medium Quality.
UseDefaultEncryption=On
EncryptionLevel=1
Use of custom default encryption is selected. The custom default is set to 1, Basic.
UseDefaultWinColor=On
UseDefaultWinSize=On
DesiredWinType=1
TWIMode=Off
Use of custom default window colors and size is selected. The desired window size is set to 1 (640x480). Seamless mode is turned off.
SavePNPassword=On
The Save Password box is selected. This is saved in a .vl file in the path: \Application Data\ICAClient.
ZLKeyboardMode=
Indicates if Zero Latency is on for keyboard. 0: Disable Zero latency for keyboard. (Default value) 1: Enable Zero latency for keyboard. 2: Automatically enable or disable depending on need.
ZLMouseMode=
Indicates if Zero Latency is on for mouse. 0: Disable Zero latency for mouse. 1: Enable Zero latency for mouse. 2: Automatically enable or disable depending on need. (Default value).
DoNotUseDefaultCSL=
SOCKS settings and the server location addresses are put in the WFClient section of Appsrv.ini. However if one wants to specify SOCKS and Server Location settings in the application section, one should also apecify DoNotUseDefaultCSL to be On. If this entry is absent or set to Off, then values for Server Location and SOCKS are read from the WFClient section.
ICAPortNumber=
By default, Citrix servers and ICA Clients use TCP/IP port 1494 to pass ICA traffic. Add this parameter to cause the ICA Client to use some other TCP/IP port for ICA communication. To use this parameter, you must configure the Citrix server using the ICAPORT command line utility.
These parameters identify the user attempting to connect to the published application:
Username=
A Windows NT user name.
Domain=
A Windows NT domain name.
Password=
A valid password for the specified user account. ICA Clients expect password information entered for the Password parameter to be in scrambled format.
AutoLogonAllowed=
By default, ICA connections that use encryption levels greater than Basic do not accept the user name, domain, and password information specified in appsrv.ini file. Such connections force users to manually log in to each application they connect to, regardless of whether the appsrv.ini file already contains their credentials. Use this parameter to force the server to accept user credential specified in the appsrv.ini file. Specify On to allow automatic login.
UseLocalUserAndPassword=Off
Single sign on can be enabled by checking "Use local username and password for logon" under the Tools\Settings\General Tab. Once this is done, user is asked to log out and log in again.
[ANYCONNECTION]
TransportDriver=TCP/IP
DesiredHRES=1024
DesiredVRES=768
ScreenPercent=0
Description=ANOUSHKA
Address=ANOUSHKA
IconPath=C:\PROGRAM FILES\CITRIX\ICA CLIENT\PN.EXE
IconIndex=1
ConnectType=1
MaximumCompression=Off
Compress=On
PersistentCacheEnabled=Off
MouseTimer=0
KeyboardTimer=0
AudioBandwidthLimit=1
UseDefaultSound=On
DefaultSoundType=1
UseDefaultEncryption=On
EncryptionLevel=1
UseDefaultWinColor=On
UseDefaultWinSize=Off
DesiredWinType=3
TWIMode=Off
SavePNPassword=On
ICASOCKSProtocolVersion=-1
ICASOCKSProxyPortNumber=1080
Password=0108dcbc18a411a313fd
Username=AnyUser
Domain=AnyDomain
UseLocalUserAndPassword=Off
Associating Appsrv.ini entries with the User Interface:
Screen 1: Tools\Settings\General Tab:
KeyboardLayout=(User Profile)
KeyboardType=(DEFAULT)
DosConnectTTY=On
ConnectTTY=Off
ConnectTTYDelay=1000
RuntimePrompt=On
AutoReconnect=Off
UseLocalUserAndPassword=Off
Screen2: Connection Properties\Login information Tab
If single sign on is enabled, then if one right clicks on the properties of a custom connection and selects "Login Information", he can select "Use local username and password". This box is greyed out, if one has not chosen to use local username globally. Checking the box above sets UseLocalUserAndPassword to "On" in the connection entry section of the appsrv.ini and then for that connection, the credentials of the user who logged in the machine is used.
Screen 3: Tools\Settings\Bitmap Tab:
PersistentCacheEnabled=Off
PersistentCacheSize=64424508
PersistentCacheMinBitmap=8192
PersistentCachePath=D:\WTSRV\Profiles\Administrato r\Application Data\ICAClient\Cache
NOTE: For detailed information regarding the Hotkeys and Event Logging tabs, go to the top of the document.
Screen 4: Custom ICA Connections Properties\Connection Tab:
TcpBrowserAddress=128.1.1.181
UseAlternateAddress=0
Screen 5: Custom ICA Connections Properties\Default Options Tab:
DisableSound=Off
EncryptionLevel=0
DesiredColor=2
DesiredHRES=640
DesiredVRES=480
Source
CTX331178 - Appsrv.ini Parameters Deciphered
Linear Mode
